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Species Information
Summary: Features include 1) flat to shelf-like fruitbodies, often shingled, tough and (except on the cut ends of logs) easily peeled off in one piece, 2) a ochraceous to pale cinnamon faintly zoned cap that is finely tomentose at first, 3) a white to buff pore surface with round rather thick-walled pores, and 4) microscopic characters including subfusiform to cylindric spores. The current name in the online Species Fungorum, accessed November 16, 2020 is Neoantrodia serialis, but the current name in MycoBank, accessed the same day, was Antrodia serialis. Antrodia serialis is common in North America (Gilbertson).
Antrodia serialis has been found in BC, WA, OR, ID, AB, MB, NF, NS, NWT, ON, PQ, YT, AK, AR, AZ, AL, CA, CO, CT, FL, GA, IA, IL, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, MT, NC, NH, NJ, NM, NV, NY, OH, PA, TN, TX, UT, VA, VT, WI, WV, and WY, and is "Widespread in Himalaya and Northern Asia and throughout Europe. In Africa known from North Africa and the high mountains in East Africa in conifer-plantations", common in North America, (Gilbertson)
Cap: flat or effused-reflexed [having part shelving into a cap] and with nodulose or more densely imbricate [shingled] caps, usually 0.2-1cm wide, often elongated along the wood for meters, starting individually and fusing, tough and easily peeled off in one piece, individual caps rarely above 0.6cm thick, cap surface "mostly distinctly sloping with a rounded margin towards the pore surface", margin of fruiting body narrow, white, and distinctly limited toward substrate; upper cap surface ochraceous to pale cinnamon brown, faintly zonate; cap finely tomentose, bald when old, (Gilbertson), flat on wood forming patches 0.1-0.6cm thick, to shelf-like; margin of pore surface distinctly bounded, irregularly undulating, white to brownish, (Breitenbach)
Flesh: 0.1-0.4cm thick, tough; white to ocher, (Gilbertson), corky, leathery, tough; white, (Breitenbach)
Pores: 2-3 per mm, round and rather thick-walled; white to cork-colored or buff, when old "more sordid brown and often discolored in red shades by hyphomycetes, old dead fruitbodies often attacked by insects leaving a granular excretion clinging to the pore surface by thin cobwebby threads"; tube layer up to 0.5cm thick, colored as pores, (Gilbertson), 2-4 per mm, rounded, some slit; white to cream, when older often somewhat ocherish and spotted pink; sometimes with knot-like outgrowths and rudimentary caps; tube layer near knots about 0.5cm thick, (Breitenbach)
Taste: slightly bitter in fresh condition (Gilbertson)
Microscopic: spores 7-10 x 2.5-4 microns, subfusiform to cylindric, colorless, inamyloid; basidia 4-spored, 20-25 x 5-7 microns, clavate, with basal clamp; cystidia "none, but pointed cystidioles may occur among the basidia, often difficult to find"; hyphal system dimitic, generative hyphae 2-4 microns wide, thin-walled, with clamp connections, skeletal hyphae dominating, 2-5 microns wide, "semisolid to thick-walled, mostly straight, but occasionally dichotomously branched", (Gilbertson), spores 6.5-9 x 3-4 microns, elliptic, smooth, inamyloid, colorless; cystidioles beaked, e.g. 30 x 4 microns, (Breitenbach), spores 6.3-8 x 2.2-3.3 microns (Kout(1) from Dai & Niemela)
Spore Deposit: white (Buczacki)
Habitat / Range
annual to biennial, on dead conifers, also common on some hardwoods, especially aspen; causes a brown cubical rot, (Gilbertson), all year (Buczacki), "often grows on the end of cut logs, from which it is practically impossible to remove except in small pieces", (Ginns)
Similar Species
Fruiting bodies are tougher than most Antrodia species and may be confused with flat fruiting bodies of Heterobasidion annosum which has a more distinct margin and differs microscopically (Gilbertson). B. serialis differs from past or present Antrodia species also in the spores: Resinoporia ferox has similar fusoid spores, but R. ferox has smaller pores, grows on juniper, and produces conspicuous mycelial felts in the decayed wood, (Gilbertson). Antrodia variiformis has larger spores measuring 8-12 x 3.0-4.5 microns (Ginns). Antrodia albida also has pores 2-3 per mm and when on conifers can be similar to A. serialis but A. albida has wider spores (Ginns). Antrodia oleracea can be confusingly similar to fruitbodies of A. serialis that are growing on hardwoods, but in A. oleracea, "skeletal hyphae are rare in the trama", (Ginns). Antrodia serialiformis Kout & Vlasak, was described in 2009 from the eastern US: it has spores 4.5-5.5(6) x 2-2.3(2.5) microns and grows on oak, (Kout(1)). See also SIMILAR section of Brunneoporus malicola.
